Which of the following is an active ingredient's technical term derived from its structure?

The correct choice is the chemical name, which is the technical term for an active ingredient that is derived from its molecular structure. This name is standardized and follows systematic nomenclature conventions, allowing for precise identification of the compound based on its chemical makeup.

The chemical name provides detailed information about the specific arrangement of atoms and the functional groups present within the molecule, which is essential for scientists and professionals in the field of chemistry and pest management. This level of detail is necessary for understanding the chemical's properties and behaviors, including its efficacy and safety in various applications.

In contrast, other terms such as pesticidal compound refer more generally to the substances that have pest-destroying properties, while a trade name is the brand name under which a product is marketed, which does not convey any structural information. A common name serves as a simplified and often more recognizable name for a substance used by the general public, but again lacks the specificity required to relate directly to the chemical structure. The chemical name is essential for ensuring clarity and precision in scientific communication regarding pesticides and other chemical substances.